Heights OBGYN

Vaginitis

Managing a vaginal infection

Vaginitis is inflammation or irritation of the vagina and vulva. Also called vulvovaginitis, it can be caused by several types of vaginal infections with different causes, symptoms and treatments. According to our San Antonio OBGYNs, it can occur in females of all ages, but is most common during the reproductive years.

What are the different types of vaginal infections?

Every female has bacteria and yeast in their vagina. But vaginitis means there is inflammation in the vagina, which can have different causes. Two types of infection occur when there is a change to the normal environment.

A bacterial imbalance in the vagina causes bacterial vaginosis. An imbalance can occur due to antibiotics, changes in hormone levels, douching, unprotected sex with a new partner, and having many sexual partners.

Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include a milky, “fishy” smelling discharge from the vagina. It is treated with antibiotics taken orally or a with a vaginal gel or cream.

Yeast infection, or candida, is caused by too much yeast in a woman’s vagina. Pregnancy, antibiotics or corticosteroids, unprotected sex, and poorly controlled diabetes can raise yeast levels.

The most common symptoms are burning and itching, which may increase with urination or sex, and an increase in vaginal discharge. Treatment can be either prescription or over the counter, and either oral or inserted in the vagina. The proper treatment depends on the severity of the condition and frequency of infections.

Another common infection type is trichomoniasis. It is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite. Symptoms include a yellow or green discharge, burning, irritation, redness and swelling.

Treatment for trichomoniasis is oral medication. Because it is transmitted sexually, both partners must be treated.

Other causes of vaginitis

Allergies or sensitivities to a product, such as douches or soap, can also cause vaginitis. In these cases, there is no infection, but irritation, burning, itching and discharge may occur. It is resolved by discontinuing the use of the product. Your doctor may recommend a medicated cream to help relieve your symptoms.

Diagnosing the type of vaginal infection

Because each type of infection has a different treatment, it is important to be diagnosed by an OBGYN. With improper treatment, the infection will continue.

Untreated, these infections create additional health risks, such as the risk of STIs, including HIV, as well as pelvic inflammatory disease and complications during pregnancy.

The only way to accurately diagnose the type of infection is through a medical exam. The doctor will do a pelvic exam and take a sample of vaginal discharge. Testing done on the fluid sample will confirm a diagnosis.

Reducing the risk of vaginitis

Women cannot avoid vaginal infections, but they can take steps to reduce these infections.

  • Clean the vulva using only warm water.
  • Avoid using feminine hygiene sprays and scented tampons.
  • Do not douche.
  • Use condoms during sex.
  • Thoroughly clean any object before inserting it into the vagina, including diaphragms and spermicide applicators.
  • Avoid wearing tight-fitting clothes.

If you think you have a vaginal infection, you must be seen by a doctor and diagnosed as soon as possible. Contact our San Antonio OBGYNs for an appointment.